PSG has now won the season-opening trophy on fourteen different times.
The Parisian giants needed a stoppage-time equaliser followed by a perfect spot-kick decider to overcome Marseille in Kuwait and secure a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup title.
The Champions League holders seemed to be sailing towards a straightforward win in the match between the Ligue 1 winners and the French Cup holders after the French winger found the net early on.
However, the southern French side fired twice in the closing moments to seize a surprise advantage. Initially, the English forward scored from the spot-kick, before Willian Pacho unfortunately turned the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a remarkable twist of events, the Portuguese striker grabbed a vital equaliser in the final moments to force the contest into a deciding shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Chevalier then stood as the key figure, stopping decisive kicks from O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and Desire Doue all converted successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a convincing penalty win.
The record winners Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now won this trophy for the 12th time in the last 13 seasons.